What is gallbladder surgery?

Gallbladder surgery is the removal of a diseased gallbladder through tiny incisions or a large, open incision. Technically, gallbladder surgery is called a cholecystectomy, a procedure to remove an affected gallbladder. The gallbladder is a tiny organ, similar in shape and size to a pouch, that collects and secretes bile. Bile (digestive fluid) is a liquid the liver produces to digest fats.

Excessive amounts of bilirubin in digestive fluid or high levels of cholesterol cause gallbladder issues such as the following:

• The formation of gallstones
• Persistent inflammation due to the presence of gallstones
• Stones caught in the bile ducts

Dr Viljoen will suggest gallbladder surgery when symptoms fail to subside or interfere with your daily routine.

Types of gallbladder surgeries

• A laparoscopic cholecystectomy
  is a less invasive surgical procedure that involves removing the gallbladder through a tiny opening.
• Open cholecystectomy
  entails creating a much larger incision over the abdomen to prepare for the resection of the affected gallbladder.

How is gallbladder surgery performed?

A laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed by creating smaller incisions in the body (over the right side of the abdomen). Then, a laparoscope with a camera and light attached to it is inserted through one of the portals. Smaller incisions allow surgeons to work inside the abdomen without an extensive open incision that increases the risk of infection and significantly reduces your recovery time.

Air is pumped into the region to see the operative site clearly. Next, Dr Viljoen will separate and remove the gallbladder without disturbing nearby tissue. Afterwards, he seals the incisions using surgical clips, biological glue or stitches.

Gallbladder surgery aims to put an end to pain and treat infection due to the presence of gallstones. Surgery also reduces the risk of gallstone recurrence. If surgery is not performed, gallstone pain and infection can worsen.