What is a splenectomy?

A splenectomy is the surgical resection of the spleen, an organ that rests below the ribcage, which helps the body fight against infection and removes waste (old blood cells).

A splenectomy is carried out to treat a burst spleen that occurs as a result of an abdominal injury. However, surgery can address an enlarged spleen, blood disorders, infection, cancer, benign tumours and cysts.

Types of splenectomies

• Laparoscopic splenectomy
  involves creating smaller cuts over the abdomen through which one of the openings, the surgeon removes the affected spleen.
• Traditional/open splenectomy
  entails making a larger incision over the abdomen to remove the spleen.

How is a splenectomy performed?

Laparoscopic Splenectomy

Dr Viljoen creates four small incisions over the abdomen and guides a flexible scope (laparoscope) through one of the openings. A camera at the end of the scope captures and transfers images to a video monitor in Dr Viljoen’s theatre room. He uses these images to remove the spleen using tiny surgical instruments. Afterwards, once Dr Viljoen removes the spleen, he seals the incisions using stitches.

Open Splenectomy

Laparoscopic splenectomy is not always a viable option for every patient. For example, most surgeons opt for open surgery in the case of a ruptured spleen. An open splenectomy is performed by creating an extensive incision in the centre of the abdomen. Then, Dr Viljoen parts the tissue and muscle in order to access the spleen. Once he is satisfied with the way in which he removed the spleen, he closes the incision.

What can I expect in terms of recovery?

With a laparoscopic splenectomy, you can return home on the day of the procedure. However, with open surgery, you will need to remain in the hospital for two to six days. Therefore, you must first speak to Dr Viljoen about when you can return to your daily activities.